The remote Windows host is missing security update 5041592. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities

  - An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Windows based systems supporting Virtualization Based     Security (VBS) including a subset of Azure Virtual Machine SKUS. This can allow an attacker with     administrator privileges to replace current versions of Windows system files with outdated versions. By     exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker could reintroduce previously mitigated vulnerabilities,     circumvent some features of VBS, and exfiltrate data protected by VBS. (CVE-2024-21302)

  - A buffer overflow was found in grub_font_construct_glyph(). A malicious crafted pf2 font can lead to an     overflow when calculating the max_glyph_size value, allocating a smaller than needed buffer for the glyph,     this further leads to a buffer overflow and a heap based out-of-bounds write. An attacker may use this     vulnerability to circumvent the secure boot mechanism. (CVE-2022-2601)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote Windows host is missing security update 5041828. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities

  - A buffer overflow was found in grub_font_construct_glyph(). A malicious crafted pf2 font can lead to an     overflow when calculating the max_glyph_size value, allocating a smaller than needed buffer for the glyph,     this further leads to a buffer overflow and a heap based out-of-bounds write. An attacker may use this     vulnerability to circumvent the secure boot mechanism. (CVE-2022-2601)

  - A remote code execution vulnerability was found in Shim. The Shim boot support trusts attacker-controlled     values when parsing an HTTP response. This flaw allows an attacker to craft a specific malicious HTTP     request, leading to a completely controlled out-of-bounds write primitive and complete system compromise.
    This flaw is only exploitable during the early boot phase, an attacker needs to perform a Man-in-the-     Middle or compromise the boot server to be able to exploit this vulnerability successfully.
    (CVE-2023-40547)

  - When rendering certain unicode sequences, grub2's font code doesn't proper validate if the informed     glyph's width and height is constrained within bitmap size. As consequence an attacker can craft an input     which will lead to a out-of-bounds write into grub2's heap, leading to memory corruption and availability     issues. Although complex, arbitrary code execution could not be discarded. (CVE-2022-3775)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote Windows host is missing security update 5041578. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities

  - An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Windows based systems supporting Virtualization Based     Security (VBS) including a subset of Azure Virtual Machine SKUS. This can allow an attacker with     administrator privileges to replace current versions of Windows system files with outdated versions. By     exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker could reintroduce previously mitigated vulnerabilities,     circumvent some features of VBS, and exfiltrate data protected by VBS. (CVE-2024-21302)

  - A buffer overflow was found in grub_font_construct_glyph(). A malicious crafted pf2 font can lead to an     overflow when calculating the max_glyph_size value, allocating a smaller than needed buffer for the glyph,     this further leads to a buffer overflow and a heap based out-of-bounds write. An attacker may use this     vulnerability to circumvent the secure boot mechanism. (CVE-2022-2601)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

遠端 Windows 主機缺少安全性更新 5041823。因此會受到多個弱點影響

  - Windows Line Printer Daemon (LPD) 服務遠端程式碼執行弱點 (CVE-2024-38199)

  - Windows Reliable Multicast Transport Driver (RMCAST) 遠端程式碼執行弱點 (CVE-2024-38140)

  - Windows TCP/IP 遠端程式碼執行弱點 (CVE-2024-38063)

請注意，Nessus 並未測試這些問題，而是僅依據應用程式自我報告的版本號碼作出判斷。

遠端 Windows 主機缺少安全性更新 5041782。因此會受到多個弱點影響

  - 在 grub_font_construct_glyph() 中發現緩衝區溢位弱點。計算 max_glyph_size 的值時，惡意特製的 pf2 字型會導致溢位弱點，使得為字形配置的緩衝區小於所需緩衝區，這會進一步導致緩衝區溢位和堆積型超出邊界寫入。攻擊者可能會利用此弱點來規避安全開機機制。(CVE-2022-2601)

  - 在 Shim 中發現一個遠端程式碼執行弱點。在剖析 HTTP 回應時，Shim 開機支援信任受攻擊者控制的值。此缺陷允許攻擊者特製特定的惡意 HTTP 要求，導致完全受控制的寫入原語超出邊界和全面入侵系統。
    此缺陷只能在早期開機階段遭到惡意利用，攻擊者必須執行攔截式攻擊或入侵開機伺服器，才能成功惡意利用此弱點。
    (CVE-2023-40547)

  - 轉譯特定 unicode 序列時，grub2 的字型程式碼未正確驗證已知字符的寬度和高度是否限制在點陣圖大小以內。因此，攻擊者可建構輸入，在 grub2 堆積中造成超出邊界寫入，進而導致記憶體損毀和可用性問題。雖然複雜，但無法捨棄任意程式碼執行。(CVE-2022-3775)

請注意，Nessus 並未測試這些問題，而是僅依據應用程式自我報告的版本號碼作出判斷。

遠端 Windows 主機缺少安全性更新 5041580。因此會受到多個弱點影響

  - 支援虛擬化型安全性 (VBS) 的 Windows 系統中存在權限提升弱點，包括 Azure 虛擬機器 SKUS 的子集。有系統管理員權限的攻擊者可藉此以過時的版本取代目前版本的 Windows 系統檔案。透過惡意利用此弱點，攻擊者可重新引入先前已緩解的弱點、規避 VBS 的部分功能，並洩漏受 VBS 保護的資料。(CVE-2024-21302)

  - 在 grub_font_construct_glyph() 中發現緩衝區溢位弱點。計算 max_glyph_size 的值時，惡意特製的 pf2 字型會導致溢位弱點，使得為字形配置的緩衝區小於所需緩衝區，這會進一步導致緩衝區溢位和堆積型超出邊界寫入。攻擊者可能會利用此弱點來規避安全開機機制。(CVE-2022-2601)

請注意，Nessus 並未測試這些問題，而是僅依據應用程式自我報告的版本號碼作出判斷。

ID	名称	产品	系列	发布时间	最近更新时间	严重程度
205450	KB5041592: Windows 11 version 21H2 Security Update (August 2024)	Nessus	Windows : Microsoft Bulletins	2024/8/13	2025/10/6	critical
205453	KB5041828: Windows Server 2012 R2 Security Update (August 2024)	Nessus	Windows : Microsoft Bulletins	2024/8/13	2025/10/6	critical
205461	KB5041578: Windows 10 version 1809 / Windows Server 2019 Security Update (August 2024)	Nessus	Windows : Microsoft Bulletins	2024/8/13	2025/10/6	critical
205455	KB5041823：Windows Server 2008 R2 安全性更新 (2024 年 8 月)	Nessus	Windows : Microsoft Bulletins	2024/8/13	2025/10/6	critical
205460	KB5041782：Windows 10 LTS 1507 安全性更新 (2024 年 8 月)	Nessus	Windows : Microsoft Bulletins	2024/8/13	2025/10/6	critical
205452	KB5041580：Windows 10 21H2 版/Windows 10 22H2 版安全性更新 (2024 年 8 月)	Nessus	Windows : Microsoft Bulletins	2024/8/13	2025/10/6	critical

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