Linux/Unix 主机中安装的一个或多个程序包受到一个漏洞影响，而供应商没有提供补丁程序。

  - wifi：brcmfmac：检查通道规格的计数值以防止越界读取 此修补程序可修复 brcmfmac 中由设备提供的通道规格计数值大于 'list->element[]' 长度时（由使用 kzalloc（） 分配的 'list' 大小时，在 brcmf_construct_chaninfo（） 和 brcmf_enable_bw40_2g（） 中发生的 slab-越界读取。修补程序添加检查，使函数释放缓冲区，如果是这样，则返回 -EINVAL。请注意，负返回由调用程序 brcmf_setup_wiphybands（） 或 brcmf_cfg80211_attach（） 处理。此问题由 syzkaller 的修改版本发现。来自 brcmf_construct_chaninfo（） 的崩溃报告：
    ==================================================================缺陷： KASAN：任务 kworker/0:2/1896 在地址 ffff888115f24600 的 brcmf_setup_wiphybands+0x1238/0x1430 读取中存在大小为 4 的 slab-out-of-bound CPU：
    0 PID：1896 通信：kworker/0:2 受感染：G W O 5.14.0+ #132 硬件名称：QEMU Standard PC （i440FX + PIIX， 1996），BIOS rel-1.12.1-0-ga5cab58e9a3f-prebuilt.qemu.org 2014 年 4 月 1 日 工作队列：usb_hub_wq hub_event 调用跟踪：dump_stack_lvl+0x57/0x7d print_address_description.constprop.0.cold+0x93/0x334 kasan_report.cold+0x83/0xdf brcmf_setup_wiphybands+0x1238/0x1430 brcmf_cfg80211_attach+0x2118/0x3fd0 brcmf_attach+0x389/0xd40 brcmf_usb_probe+0x12de/0x1690 usb_probe_interface+0x25f/0x710really_probe+0x1be/0xa90 __driver_probe_device+0x2ab/0x460 driver_probe_device+0x49/0x120
    __device_attach_driver+0x18a/0x250 bus_for_each_drv+0x123/0x1a0 __device_attach+0x207/0x330 bus_probe_device+0x1a2/0x260 device_add+0xa61/0x1ce0 usb_set_configuration+0x984/0x1770 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x69/0x90 usb_probe_device+0x9c/0x220 really_probe+0x1be/0xa90
    __driver_probe_device+0x2ab/0x460 driver_probe_device+0x49/0x120 __device_attach_driver+0x18a/0x250 bus_for_each_drv+0x123/0x1a0 __device_attach+0x207/0x330 bus_probe_device+0x1a2/0x260 device_add+0xa61/0x1ce0 usb_new_device.cold+0x463/0xf66 hub_event+0x10d5/0x3330 process_one_work+0x873/0x13e0 worker_thread+0x8b/0xd10 kthread+0x379/0x450 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 按任务 1896 分配： kasan_save_stack+0x1b/0x40 __kasan_kmalloc+0x7c/0x90 kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x19e/0x330 brcmf_setup_wiphybands+0x290/0x1430 brcmf_cfg80211_attach+0x2118/0x3fd0 brcmf_attach+0x389/0xd40 brcmf_usb_probe+0x12de/0x1690 usb_probe_interface+0x25f/0x710 really_probe+0x1be/0xa90 __driver_probe_device+0x2ab/0x460 driver_probe_device+0x49/0x120
    __device_attach_driver+0x18a/0x250 bus_for_each_drv+0x123/0x1a0 __device_attach+0x207/0x330 bus_probe_device+0x1a2/0x260 device_add+0xa61/0x1ce0 usb_set_configuration+0x984/0x1770 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x69/0x90 usb_probe_device+0x9c/0x220 really_probe+0x1be/0xa90
    __driver_probe_device+0x2ab/0x460 driver_probe_device+0x49/0x120 __device_attach_driver+0x18a/0x250 bus_for_each_drv+0x123/0x1a0 __device_attach+0x207/0x330 bus_probe_device+0x1a2/0x260 device_add+0xa61/0x1ce0 usb_new_device.cold+0x463/0xf66 hub_event+0x10d5/0x3330 process_one_work+0x873/0x13e0 worker_thread+0x8b/0xd10 kthread+0x379/0x450 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 有缺陷的地址属于位于 ffff888115f24000 的对象，该对象属于缓存 kmalloc-2k大小为 2048 有缺陷的地址位于 2048 字节区域内 1536 字节处 [ffff888115f24000、ffff888115f24800） 有缺陷地址周围的内存状态：ffff888115f24500： 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ffff888115f24580： 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 >ffff888115f24600： FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC ^ ffff888115f24680： fc fc fc ffff888115f24700： fc fc fc ================================================================== 来自 brcmf_enable_bw40_2g（） 的崩溃报告： ========== ---truncated--- （CVE-2022-49740）

请注意，Nessus 依赖供应商报告的程序包是否存在进行判断。

AlmaLinux 9.2 主机上存在安装的程序包，该程序包受到 TuxCare ALMALINUX9.2：CLSA-2026：1786350974公告中提及的多个漏洞的影响。

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：isofs: Fix out of bound access for corrupted isofs image When isofs image is suitably corrupted isofs_read_inode() can read data beyond the end of buffer. Sanity-check the directory entry length before using it. (CVE-2021-47478)

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：ubi: Fix race condition between ctrl_cdev_ioctl and ubi_cdev_ioctl Hulk Robot reported a KASAN report about use-after-free:
    ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in
    __list_del_entry_valid+0x13d/0x160 Read of size 8 at addr ffff888035e37d98 by task ubiattach/1385 [...] Call Trace: klist_dec_and_del+0xa7/0x4a0 klist_put+0xc7/0x1a0 device_del+0x4d4/0xed0 cdev_device_del+0x1a/0x80 ubi_attach_mtd_dev+0x2951/0x34b0 [ubi] ctrl_cdev_ioctl+0x286/0x2f0 [ubi] Allocated by task 1414: device_add+0x60a/0x18b0 cdev_device_add+0x103/0x170 ubi_create_volume+0x1118/0x1a10 [ubi] ubi_cdev_ioctl+0xb7f/0x1ba0 [ubi] Freed by task 1385:
    cdev_device_del+0x1a/0x80 ubi_remove_volume+0x438/0x6c0 [ubi] ubi_cdev_ioctl+0xbf4/0x1ba0 [ubi] [...] ================================================================== The lock held by ctrl_cdev_ioctl is ubi_devices_mutex, but the lock held by ubi_cdev_ioctl is ubi->device_mutex. Therefore, the two locks can be concurrent. ctrl_cdev_ioctl contains two operations: ubi_attach and ubi_detach. ubi_detach is bug-free because it uses reference counting to prevent concurrency. However, uif_init and uif_close in ubi_attach may race with ubi_cdev_ioctl. uif_init will race with ubi_cdev_ioctl as in the following stack. cpu1 cpu2 cpu3 _______________________|________________________|______________________ ctrl_cdev_ioctl ubi_attach_mtd_dev uif_init ubi_cdev_ioctl ubi_create_volume cdev_device_add ubi_add_volume // sysfs exist kill_volumes ubi_cdev_ioctl ubi_remove_volume cdev_device_del // first free ubi_free_volume cdev_del // double free cdev_device_del And uif_close will race with ubi_cdev_ioctl as in the following stack. cpu1 cpu2 cpu3 _______________________|________________________|______________________ ctrl_cdev_ioctl ubi_attach_mtd_dev uif_init ubi_cdev_ioctl ubi_create_volume cdev_device_add ubi_debugfs_init_dev //error goto out_uif; uif_close kill_volumes ubi_cdev_ioctl ubi_remove_volume cdev_device_del // first free ubi_free_volume // double free The cause of this problem is that commit 714fb87e8bc0 make device available before it becomes accessible via sysfs. Therefore, we roll back the modification. We will fix the race condition between ubi device creation and udev by removing ubi_get_device in vol_attribute_show and dev_attribute_show.This avoids accessing uninitialized ubi_devices[ubi_num]. ubi_get_device is used to prevent devices from being deleted during sysfs execution. However, now kernfs ensures that devices will not be deleted before all reference counting are released. The key process is shown in the following stack. device_del device_remove_attrs device_remove_groups sysfs_remove_groups sysfs_remove_group remove_files kernfs_remove_by_name kernfs_remove_by_name_ns __kernfs_remove kernfs_drain (CVE-2021-47634)

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：scsi: qla2xxx: Fix memory leak in
    __qlt_24xx_handle_abts() Commit 8f394da36a36 (scsi: qla2xxx: Drop TARGET_SCF_LOOKUP_LUN_FROM_TAG) made the __qlt_24xx_handle_abts() function return early if tcm_qla2xxx_find_cmd_by_tag() didn't find a command, but it missed to clean up the allocated memory for the management command. (CVE-2022-48650)

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：ubi: ubi_create_volume: Fix use-after-free when volume creation failed There is an use-after-free problem for 'eba_tbl' in ubi_create_volume()'s error handling path: ubi_eba_replace_table(vol, eba_tbl) vol->eba_tbl = tbl out_mapping:
    ubi_eba_destroy_table(eba_tbl) // Free 'eba_tbl' out_unlock: put_device(&vol->dev) vol_release kfree(tbl->entries) // UAF Fix it by removing redundant 'eba_tbl' releasing. Fetch a reproducer in [Link].
    (CVE-2022-49388)

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：irqchip/gic-v3: Fix error handling in gic_populate_ppi_partitions of_get_child_by_name() returns a node pointer with refcount incremented, we should use of_node_put() on it when not need anymore. When kcalloc fails, it missing of_node_put() and results in refcount leak. Fix this by goto out_put_node label. (CVE-2022-49716)

请注意，Nessus 尚未测试这些问题，而是只依据应用程序自我报告的版本号进行判断。

CentOS Linux 7 主机上存在安装的程序包，该程序包受到 TuxCare CENTOS7：CLSA-2026：1783337441 21 公告中提及的多个漏洞的影响。

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：IB/qib: Protect from buffer overflow in struct qib_user_sdma_pkt fields Overflowing either addrlimit or bytes_togo can allow userspace to trigger a buffer overflow of kernel memory. Check for overflows in all the places doing math on user controlled buffers. (CVE-2021-47485)

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：nfsd: fix use-after-free due to delegation race A delegation break could arrive as soon as we've called vfs_setlease. A delegation break runs a callback which immediately (in nfsd4_cb_recall_prepare) adds the delegation to del_recall_lru. If we then exit nfs4_set_delegation without hashing the delegation, it will be freed as soon as the callback is done with it, without ever being removed from del_recall_lru. Symptoms show up later as use-after-free or list corruption warnings, usually in the laundromat thread. I suspect aba2072f4523 nfsd: grant read delegations to clients holding writes made this bug easier to hit, but I looked as far back as v3.0 and it looks to me it already had the same problem. So I'm not sure where the bug was introduced; it may have been there from the beginning. (CVE-2021-47506)

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：proc/vmcore: fix clearing user buffer by properly using clear_user() To clear a user buffer we cannot simply use memset, we have to use clear_user(). With a virtio-mem device that registers a vmcore_cb and has some logically unplugged memory inside an added Linux memory block, I can easily trigger a BUG by copying the vmcore via cp: systemd[1]:
    Starting Kdump Vmcore Save Service... kdump[420]: Kdump is using the default log level(3). kdump[453]:
    saving to /sysroot/var/crash/127.0.0.1-2021-11-11-14:59:22/ kdump[458]: saving vmcore-dmesg.txt to /sysroot/var/crash/127.0.0.1-2021-11-11-14:59:22/ kdump[465]: saving vmcore-dmesg.txt complete kdump[467]:
    saving vmcore BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00007f2374e01000 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0003) - permissions violation PGD 7a523067 P4D 7a523067 PUD 7a528067 PMD 7a525067 PTE 800000007048f867 Oops: 0003 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI CPU: 0 PID: 468 Comm: cp Not tainted 5.15.0+ #6 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.14.0-27-g64f37cc530f1-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:read_from_oldmem.part.0.cold+0x1d/0x86 Code: ff ff ff e8 05 ff fe ff e9 b9 e9 7f ff 48 89 de 48 c7 c7 38 3b 60 82 e8 f1 fe fe ff 83 fd 08 72 3c 49 8d 7d 08 4c 89 e9 89 e8 <49> c7 45 00 00 00 00 00 49 c7 44 05 f8 00 00 00 00 48 83 e7 f81 RSP:
    0018:ffffc9000073be08 EFLAGS: 00010212 RAX: 0000000000001000 RBX: 00000000002fd000 RCX: 00007f2374e01000 RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 00000000ffffdfff RDI: 00007f2374e01008 RBP: 0000000000001000 R08:
    0000000000000000 R09: ffffc9000073bc50 R10: ffffc9000073bc48 R11: ffffffff829461a8 R12: 000000000000f000 R13: 00007f2374e01000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffff88807bd421e8 FS: 00007f2374e12140(0000) GS:ffff88807f000000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2:
    00007f2374e01000 CR3: 000000007a4aa000 CR4: 0000000000350eb0 Call Trace: read_vmcore+0x236/0x2c0 proc_reg_read+0x55/0xa0 vfs_read+0x95/0x190 ksys_read+0x4f/0xc0 do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae Some x86-64 CPUs have a CPU feature called Supervisor Mode Access Prevention (SMAP), which is used to detect wrong access from the kernel to user buffers like this:
    SMAP triggers a permissions violation on wrong access. In the x86-64 variant of clear_user(), SMAP is properly handled via clac()+stac(). To fix, properly use clear_user() when we're dealing with a user buffer. (CVE-2021-47566)

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：staging: rtl8192e: Fix use after free in _rtl92e_pci_disconnect() The free_rtllib() function frees the dev pointer so there is use after free on the next line. Re-arrange things to avoid that. (CVE-2021-47571)

  - 已修复 Linux 内核中的下列漏洞：scsi: scsi_debug: Sanity check block descriptor length in resp_mode_select() In resp_mode_select() sanity check the block descriptor len to avoid UAF. BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in resp_mode_select+0xa4c/0xb40 drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c:2509 Read of size 1 at addr ffff888026670f50 by task scsicmd/15032 CPU: 1 PID: 15032 Comm: scsicmd Not tainted 5.15.0-01d0625 #15 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x89/0xb5 lib/dump_stack.c:107 print_address_description.constprop.9+0x28/0x160 mm/kasan/report.c:257 kasan_report.cold.14+0x7d/0x117 mm/kasan/report.c:443
    __asan_report_load1_noabort+0x14/0x20 mm/kasan/report_generic.c:306 resp_mode_select+0xa4c/0xb40 drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c:2509 schedule_resp+0x4af/0x1a10 drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c:5483 scsi_debug_queuecommand+0x8c9/0x1e70 drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c:7537 scsi_queue_rq+0x16b4/0x2d10 drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c:1521 blk_mq_dispatch_rq_list+0xb9b/0x2700 block/blk-mq.c:1640
    __blk_mq_sched_dispatch_requests+0x28f/0x590 block/blk-mq-sched.c:325 blk_mq_sched_dispatch_requests+0x105/0x190 block/blk-mq-sched.c:358 __blk_mq_run_hw_queue+0xe5/0x150 block/blk-mq.c:1762 __blk_mq_delay_run_hw_queue+0x4f8/0x5c0 block/blk-mq.c:1839 blk_mq_run_hw_queue+0x18d/0x350 block/blk-mq.c:1891 blk_mq_sched_insert_request+0x3db/0x4e0 block/blk-mq-sched.c:474 blk_execute_rq_nowait+0x16b/0x1c0 block/blk-exec.c:63 sg_common_write.isra.18+0xeb3/0x2000 drivers/scsi/sg.c:837 sg_new_write.isra.19+0x570/0x8c0 drivers/scsi/sg.c:775 sg_ioctl_common+0x14d6/0x2710 drivers/scsi/sg.c:941 sg_ioctl+0xa2/0x180 drivers/scsi/sg.c:1166 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x19d/0x220 fs/ioctl.c:52 do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x80 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:113 (CVE-2021-47576)

请注意，Nessus 尚未测试这些问题，而是只依据应用程序自我报告的版本号进行判断。

ID	名称	产品	系列	发布时间	最近更新时间	严重程度
245547	Linux Distros 未修补的漏洞：CVE-2022-49740	Nessus	Misc.	2025/8/7	2026/9/30	high
360716	AlmaLinux 9.2 [TuxCare] 安全更新：bpftool / kernel / kernel-abi-stablelists / kernel-core / 等多个漏洞（ALMALINUX9.2：CLSA-2026：1786350974）	Nessus	Alma Linux Local Security Checks	2026/10/1	2026/10/1	high
352867	CentOS Linux 7 [TuxCare] 安全更新：bpftool / kernel / kernel-debug / kernel-debug-devel / kernel-devel / 等多个漏洞（CENTOS7：CLSA-2026：1783337441）	Nessus	CentOS Local Security Checks	2026/9/30	2026/9/30	high

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